Kafukufuku adatsimikiza kuti mitundu ya mbatata ya Creole CCC059, CC103, CCC116, CCC140 ndi CCC14, imatha kukana kupsinjika kwamadzi munthawi zowuma. Zomwe apezazi zitha kuthandizira kukonzanso mitundu ina, kulimbikitsa zokolola komanso kukana kusintha kwa nyengo.
Solanum tuberosum, wodziwika bwino ngati mbatata ya Creole, ndi tuber yomwe ndi ya banja la a Solanaceae, mtundu uwu umalimidwa mahekitala 8,787 amtunduwu, makamaka m'madipatimenti a Antioquia, Boyacá, Cundinamarca ndi Nariño. Ndipo ndi chakudya chodziwika bwino cha gastronomy yaku Colombiya yomwe imawonjezera kukoma ndi kapangidwe kazakudya monga ajiaco.
Kulima mbatata za Creole kumakula bwino kumadera omwe kumakhala chinyezi komanso nyengo yozizira, komabe, chifukwa chakusintha kwanyengo, chakudyachi chimakhala pachiwopsezo cha nyengo zowuma. Limodzi mwa mavuto omwe alimi amapepala amakumana nawo, mwachitsanzo omwe alibe makina othirira.
Mbatata ndi tuber yomwe ndi gawo limodzi mwabasiketi yayikulu yaku Colombiya ndipo imalimidwa makamaka m'chigawo cha Andes. Malinga ndi Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, ma department a Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Nariño ndi Antioquia, amayang'ana 90% ya malo obzalidwa ndikupanga ndi matani pafupifupi 2,782,676 miliyoni pachaka. Malinga ndi Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation - AGROSAVIA, ku Colombia pali mitundu yoposa 300 ya mbatata zachilengedwe. Koma ngakhale zili m'ndandanda waukulu, Colombian Federation of Potato Producers - Fedepapa, akutsimikizira kuti mitundu 12 yokha ndi yomwe idadya, yomwe ndi: mbatata ya Creole, pastusa, tuquerreña ndi diacol capiro.
Kuyambira 2020 National University - UNAL, yatsogolera ntchito zosiyanasiyana pakukweza nthangala ndi cholinga chokhazikitsa zotsatira zabwino pakupanga ndi kulima kwa zinthu zaulimi. Teresa Mosquera Vásquez, woweruza milandu ku Phenotypic Kufufuza kwamaphunziro, adachita kafukufuku kuti apeze mitundu ya mbatata za Creole zosagonjetsedwa ndi madzi.
Phunziroli, mitundu 109 ya tuber iyi idasanthulidwa, pakati pawo Chikiliyo cha ku Colombiya, Guaneña Creole, Chilatini Creole, Paisa Creole ndi Galera Creole; Mitundu yomwe yasinthidwa ndipo ikupezeka mu UNAL Plant Breeding Program. Malinga ndi zomwe Vásquez adalongosola, zidabzalidwa m'malo abwino ndipo kuthirira kudayimitsidwa kwa masiku 15 kuti adziwe kukana kwawo.
Zotsatira zake, zidadziwika kuti mitundu CCC059, CC103, CCC116, CCC140 ndi CCC14 inali yoperewera kwambiri m'thupi, chifukwa imakhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera mu DNA yawo omwe amawapangitsa kulolera kusowa kwa madzi. Popeza izi zapezeka, a Lina María López Contreras, Master in Agricultural Science of Genetics and Plant Breeding UNAL, adatsimikiza kuti "kafukufukuyu akhazikitsa maziko ofunikira mapulogalamu amtsogolo omwe amalola kuti mitundu ya mbatata izitha kusintha nyengo yachilala yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi alimi. opanga ”.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti, ngakhale maphunziro amtundu wa mbatata za Creole adachitidwa kale, UNAL ikugogomezera kuti iyi ndi yoyamba kuchitidwa polekerera kupsinjika kwamadzi. Chifukwa chake, ntchitoyi akuti ndiyofunika kwambiri, yomwe ingalimbikitse zokolola za mbatata za Creole ndipo ikuyimira mwayi wothana ndi zovuta zakutentha kwadzikoli.
Zotsatira zake, m'matauni a Ventaquemada ndi Chiscas, mitundu 17 ya mbatata yamakolo idakula, yomwe inali pafupi kutha ndikutayika. Ndi zovuta izi, zinali zotheka kuphatikiza tebulo lazakudya lomwe limalimbitsa ntchito ya Chuma Chachikhalidwe, ndipo mabanja opitilira 10 omwe ntchito yawo yayikulu yazachuma ndikulima mbatata m'derali adapindula. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti, malinga ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Kukula kwa Maiko Akumidzi, ntchitoyi akuti ndiyopulumutsa magulu 40 azilonda zam'mimba, motero kukhala chitsanzo chotsogola.
Ndi: Ivania Alejandra Aroca Gaona. Wophunzira.
Editor: Karina Porras Niño. Periodista - Sinthani.