Pakuchita bwino kwambiri pakusintha msika wazakudya zokhwasula-khwasula, gulu la asayansi motsogozedwa ndi aphunzitsi Jiming Jiang ndi David Douches ku Michigan State University laphwanya malamulo omwe amayambitsa mdima komanso nkhawa zokhudzana ndi thanzi lokhudzana ndi mbatata zosungidwa ozizira. Lofalitsidwa m'magazini yotchedwa The Plant Cell pa Feb. 20, zomwe adapeza zikuwunikira njira yofunika kwambiri, yopereka njira yodalirika yopangira mitundu ya mbatata yomwe imatha kusungidwa kuzizira kozizira, ndikutsegulira njira ya tchipisi chathanzi komanso chokoma kwambiri. zokazinga.
Msika wa mbatata uli ndi ndalama zokwana mabiliyoni ambiri ku US kokha, pomwe Michigan imatsogolera popanga mbatata za tchipisi mdziko muno, ikudzitamandira mtengo wapachaka wa $ 240 miliyoni.
Komabe, kulima kwa mbatata kwanyengo kumadzetsa zovuta pakupereka kwa chaka chonse, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti akwaniritse zofuna za opanga zokhwasula-khwasula. Kusungirako kuzizira kumatuluka ngati njira yothetsera vutoli, komabe kumayambitsa njira yotchedwa cold-induced sweetening (CIS), yomwe imatsogolera ku kusintha kwa starch-to-sugar. Machubu odzaza ndi shuga samangotulutsa zokazinga zakuda ndi tchipisi komanso amadzutsa nkhawa za mapangidwe a acrylamide, mankhwala oyambitsa khansa omwe amalumikizidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi.
Ngakhale njira zomwe zilipo zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'machubu osungidwa ozizira, zimabwera pamtengo ndipo zimatha kusintha kakomedwe kazinthu zomaliza. Jiang ndi gulu lake adafufuza zomwe zidayambitsa vutoli, ndikuzindikira jini yomwe imayang'anira CIS ndikuwulula zomwe zimayiyambitsa kuzizira. Pogwiritsa ntchito malo ogwirira ntchito a MSU komanso malo otsogola, makamaka pulogalamu yoweta mbatata yapamwamba padziko lonse lapansi motsogozedwa ndi Douches, ofufuzawo ali okonzeka kupanga mizere ya mbatata yosamva CIS kudzera mukusintha ma gene kapena njira zina zoswana.
Douches, motsogozedwa ndi MSU Potato Breeding and Genetics Programme, adamasulira njira yosinthira jini ya Jiang kuti ikhale mchitidwe, ndikuyika maziko osintha ma genetic kuti apange mitundu ya mbatata yosazizira. Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zimaposa zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zomwe zimapereka phindu pazakudya zina zowuma komanso kupititsa patsogolo kusungika ndi kusinthasintha kwamayendedwe, potero kuchepetsa kuwononga chakudya ndikuchepetsa mtengo.
Jiang akuwona kupezeka kwa malonda kwa mbatata zolimbana ndi CIS posachedwa, zomwe zikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pakukula kwa mbatata zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri pazakudya komanso thanzi. Powulula njira zomwe zimayang'anira CIS, kafukufukuyu akutsegula njira zopangira mbatata zosagwirizana ndi chilengedwe, zopanda mankhwala akupha, zomwe zikukonzekera kusintha mawonekedwe azakudya padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuchokera pa zomwe zapezedwa m'ma labotale mpaka kuzinthu zatsopano za greenhouses, zoyesayesa zogwirizana za Michigan State University zikuthandizira kusinthika kwa mbatata zathanzi, zowotcha, zokonzeka kukonzanso makampani azakudya zokhwasula-khwasula komanso kulimbikitsa thanzi la ogula.