Kupititsa patsogolo Zokolola ndi Ubwino Kudzera mu Njira Zapamwamba Zowongolera Tizirombo
Momwe ulimi ukuyendera, zovuta zomwe alimi a mbatata komanso akatswiri azachuma amakumana nazo. Zina mwazovuta kwambiri ndikuwopseza ma virus, omwe amatha kukhudza kwambiri zokolola komanso mtundu wa mbewu za mbatata. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, pulojekiti yoyamba yatulukira: "Kupeza ntchito zofunika kuti mbeu ikhale yabwino." Ntchitoyi ikufuna kukonzekeretsa alimi, amalonda, oyang'anira makampani a agrochemical, opanga feteleza, ndi ofufuza zida zotsogola kuti athe kuthana ndi ma virus moyenera.
Ulimi wa mbatata ndi gawo lalikulu lazachuma zambiri zaulimi, zomwe zimapereka chakudya chofunikira kwa mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, matenda obwera chifukwa cha ma virus amapereka chotchinga chachikulu pakupeza zokolola zabwino komanso mtundu wazinthu. Ma virus amenewa, omwe amafalitsidwa ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana monga nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zinthu zobzala zoipitsidwa, amatha kuwononga zokolola mpaka 80% pakagwa zoopsa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ma tubers omwe ali ndi kachilombo nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kutsika, zomwe zimakhudza kugulitsa komanso phindu kwa alimi ndi mapurosesa.
Pozindikira kufunika kothana ndi vutoli, pulojekiti ya "Kupeza ntchito zofunika kuti mbeu ikhale yabwino kwambiri" yatsogolera ntchito zopanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano zowongolera ma virus. Potengera kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamoyo, majini, ndi ulimi, ofufuza apanga njira zophatikizira zowononga tizilombo (IPM) zogwirizana ndi zosowa za alimi a mbatata.
Chofunika kwambiri panjirazi ndikukhazikitsa njira zaulimi zolondola, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale njira zochepetsera kufalikira kwa ma virus ndikukwaniritsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu. Pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje akutali, alimi amatha kuzindikira zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda a virus ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera zopewera, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mbewu.
Kuphatikiza apo, pulojekitiyi ikugogomezera kufunikira kwa kukana ma genetic monga mwala wapangodya wa kasamalidwe koyenera ka virus. Poweta mitundu yolimbana ndi ma virus wamba wamba, ofufuza akufuna kupatsa alimi mbewu zolimba zomwe zimatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa ma virus ndikusunga zokolola zambiri komanso miyezo yabwino.
Kuphatikiza pa njira zama genetic, polojekitiyi imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru mankhwala agrochemicals, kuphatikiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi biopesticides, kupondereza kuchuluka kwa ma vector ndikuchepetsa kufala kwa ma virus. Potengera njira yophatikizira yomwe imaphatikiza njira zowongolera zachilengedwe, zachikhalidwe, ndi mankhwala, alimi amatha kuwongolera bwino ma virus pomwe akuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe.
Kupitilira pakuchitapo kanthu pafamu, pulojekitiyi ikuyang'aniranso kufunikira kwa njira zotsimikizika zambewu kuti zitsimikizire kupanga ndi kugawa zobzala zopanda ma virus. Pokhazikitsa njira zoyesera zoyeserera ndi miyezo yabwino, okhudzidwa atha kuteteza kukhulupirika kwa mbeu ndikuletsa kuyambitsa ndi kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
M'malo mwake, pulojekiti ya "Kupeza ntchito zofunika pakukulitsa mbewu zapamwamba" ikuyimira kusintha kwaparadigm pakuwongolera ma virus paulimi wa mbatata. Polimbikitsa okhudzidwa ndi zida zoyendetsera bwino komanso kulimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa ofufuza, ogwira nawo ntchito m'mafakitale, ndi alimi, ntchitoyi ili ndi lonjezo la njira yopangira mbatata yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika.