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Dziko la India, lomwe ndi dziko laulimi wamitundumitundu, lili ndi malo ambiri olima mbatata. Ulendo wa mbatata ku India watengera kuyenerera kwa madera, nyengo, komanso kufunikira kwa tuber wosunthika. M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana za madera amene amaonedwa kuti ndi abwino kulima mbatata, mavuto amene alimi amakumana nawo, kameredwe ka mitundu ya mitundu yokonza mbatata, komanso tsogolo la mbewu yochepa koma yofunika kwambiri imeneyi.
Kulima Mbatata ku India: Madera ndi Kuyenerera
Zigwa za Indo Gangetic za Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, ndi West Bengal zimatsogola pakulima mbatata, zomwe zimapangitsa pafupifupi 85 peresenti ya zomwe dzikolo limapanga. Dothi lachonde la m’derali komanso kupezeka kwa madzi othirira kumapangitsa kuti derali likhale malo abwino omerako mbatata. Komabe, nthawi yochepa ya nyengo yozizira imakhala yovuta kuti tipeze zokolola zambiri.
Zokolola Pawiri: Kuti Ndipo Motani?
M'madera amapiri, alimi amatha kukolola mbatata ziwiri pachaka polima kawiri, zomwe zimatchedwa kharif (nyengo yamvula) ndi kulima Rabi (nyengo yachisanu). Kubzala kumayamba kuyambira Julayi/Ogasiti mpaka Okutobala/Novembala ku kharif ndi February/March mpaka May/June kwa Rabi.
Zida Zothirira: Kuthandizira Kulima Mbatata
Ngakhale madera ena aku India, monga Gujarat, amagwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira wothirira mbatata, madera ambiri amadalira njira yothirira yothirira.
Zosiyanasiyana: Zachilengedwe komanso Zachilendo
Dziko la India limalima kwambiri mitundu ya mbatata yopangidwa m'nyumba, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mizere ya CIP ngati kholo limodzi. Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Pukhraj, Kufri Bahar, Kufri Himalini, ndi Kufri Chandramukhi ndi ena mwa mitundu yotchuka. Komabe, makampani azinsinsi amabweretsanso mitundu yakunja kumsika waku India.
Zokonda Kukula: Mbatata ya Table ndi Kupitilira
Zokonda zaku India zamitundu ya mbatata zimasiyana malinga ndi dera. Kumpoto, mbatata zachikasu/zoyera zimakondedwa, pamene kum’mawa kumatsamira ku zakhungu lofiira. Mnofu wonyezimira wachikasu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, koma kufunikira kwa mbatata za khungu lofiirira kukukulirakulira chifukwa chokhala ndi antioxidant.
Kukonza Zosiyanasiyana: Kulowa mu Zakudya Zamakono
Ndi Westernization yazakudya, pakufunika kufunikira kwa zinthu zambatata zokonzedwa ngati tchipisi ndi zokazinga zaku France. India yayankhapo polima mitundu ina yokonza zinthu monga Lady Rosetta, Chipsona 1-4, ndi Kufri Frysona.
Zolinga Zamakono za Obereketsa Mbatata ku India
Oweta mbatata aku India adadzipereka kupanga mitundu yanthawi yayitali, yokhwima koyambirira yokhala ndi zokolola zambiri. Cholinga chasinthiratu pakukonza mitundu chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwazinthu zambatata zokonzedwa. Kupirira kwa nyengo, kutentha ndi chilala, ndi mitundu ya biofortified zilinso pagulu lawo.
Zovuta pa Kulima Mbatata
Alimi amakumana ndi zovuta kupeza mbewu zabwino pamitengo yotsika mtengo, kugulitsa zokolola zawo, komanso kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda monga choipitsa choyambilira komanso mochedwa, bacterial wilt, Common Scab, root rot, ndi cyst nematodes.
Kasinthasintha wa Zokolola ndi Zida
Mbatata amalimidwa mosinthana ndi mbewu zina, monga mpunga ndi tirigu, m’miyezi yozizira pambuyo pokolola. Kubzala, kusamalira, ndi kukolola ndikofala pakati pa alimi, ndipo makina akufalikira pang'onopang'ono.
Pambuyo pa Kukolola ndi Kusunga
Alimi amagulitsa mbatata zawo kwa amalonda kapena misika yapafupi, ndipo alimi akuluakulu amasunga zokolola zawo kumalo ozizira kuti azigulitsa mtsogolo. Kusungirako kuzizira m'malamba akuluakulu a mbatata kumatha kufika matani 5,000 kapena kupitilira apo, ndikusungirako mpaka miyezi 10.
Kutsiliza: Kulera Cholowa cha Mbatata
Kulima mbatata ku India kumakula bwino m'madera omwe ali ndi nthaka yachonde komanso madzi okwanira. Alimi a m’dziko muno akukumana ndi mavuto pankhani ya kupezeka kwa mbeu, malonda, ndi kasungidwe kake. Komabe, ndi chitukuko cha mitundu yokonza ndi kukwera kwa kufunikira kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana za mbatata, tsogolo likuwoneka losangalatsa. Khama la obereketsa mbatata ndi zomwe alimi ang'onoang'ono akuchita ndicholinga chofuna kutsimikizira tsogolo labwino la tuber wokondedwayu ku India.
Kuyamika: Tikufuna kupereka chiyamikiro chathu chochokera pansi pamtima kwa Samarendu Mohanty, Mtsogoleri wa Chigawo cha Asia ku International Potato Center (CIP), ndi Sampriti Baruah, Regional Research Scientist ku International Potato Center, chifukwa cha zopereka zawo zofunika popereka chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso pa izi. nkhani. Ukatswiri wawo ndi chithandizo chawo zathandizira kwambiri kuwongolera ndi kulondola kwa zomwe zili.