Ofufuza ku Iowa State University mwina adathetsa vuto lomwe lakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali lomwe limakhudzana ndikukula kwachangu kwa mizere yoyera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito chibadwa cha "doubled haploid" (DH) kwakhala imodzi mwamakina ofunikira omwe amathandizira kuswana kwa chimanga kwamakono. Komabe, teknoloji ya DH ili ndi zovuta, komanso ubwino. Choyamba, pamafunika kulenga zomera za "haploid" zomwe zimanyamula genome imodzi yokha ya amayi. Mtundu umodzi wa genome wa chomera cha haploid umawirikiza kawiri kudzera mu a ndondomeko ya mankhwala zomwe zimafulumizitsa kukula kwa mizere yofanana ndi chibadwa.
Chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu zaukadaulo wa DH ndikuti maluwa aamuna a haploid nthawi zambiri amakhala osabala. Vutoli limafuna kuyika mbande ku mankhwala oopsa a colchicine omwe amapangitsa kuti ma genome achuluke kawiri ndikubwezeretsa chonde ku maluwa achimuna. Njirayi ndi yogwira ntchito komanso yotsika mtengo.
Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa posachedwa mu Zomera Zachilengedwe amagawana nkhani za kusintha komwe asayansi adapeza komwe kumabwezeretsa chonde kwa amuna mu haploid popanda kugwiritsa ntchito colchicine. Ntchitoyi inachitidwa ndi Siddique I. Aboobucker, wasayansi wofufuza za agronomy, ndi Thomas Lübberstedt, Frey Chair ku Agronomy ndi mkulu wa Raymond F. Baker Center for Plant Breeding, ndi wophunzira wakale wa agronomy Liming Zhou.
Iwo adawonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito masinthidwe omwe amasintha kachitidwe ka spindle panthawi yoberekera zomera yotchedwa meiosis kumatha kubwezeretsa chonde kwa amuna a zomera za haploid.
Makina a spindle amathandizira kuti ma cell agawike aziyenda bwino. Pa nthawi ya meiosis yachibadwa, mu zomera zokhazikika za "diploid" zomwe zimakhala ndi ma chromosomes awiri, ma spindles amapangidwa mwamawiri awiri omwe amalumikizana mosavuta. Muzomera za haploid, ma chromosome amagawika mosiyanasiyana panthawi yagawidwe lama cell, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusabereka kwakukulu m'magawo otsatirawa akubereka.
Kuti athetse vutoli, Aboobucker anali ndi kudzoza komwe gulu lidavomereza kuti ndiloyenera kufufuza. Iwo ankaganiza kuti mitundu ina ya chibadwa cha zomera zomwe zimatchedwa parallel spindle mutants kapena "ps mutants" zomwe zimasintha ma spindles kukhala ofanana m'malo mwa perpendicular position pa meiosis zikhoza kupititsa patsogolo kubereka kwa amuna mu haploids. Anayesa lingalirolo pa Arabidopsis thaliana, chomera chofufuza chachitsanzo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kalambulabwalo wa chimanga ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya mbewu.
Zinagwira ntchito—zomera za haploid mutant zinakula, ndipo zambiri zinali zachonde. Zotsatirazi zikugwirizana ndi lingaliro lawo loti mizere yosagwirizana ya ulusi wa spindle panthawi yovuta kwambiri ya meiosis mwa amuna a haploid imatha kugonjetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chizolowezi cha masinthidwe chopangitsa kuti pakhale chopingasa. kutsitsa kapangidwe.
"Kugwiritsa ntchito masinthidwewa kuti athetse vuto la kubereka kwa amuna m'mafakitale a haploid kuli ndi lonjezo lalikulu logonjetsa ndondomeko zogwiritsira ntchito zothandizira zomwe zilipo panopa kuti apange njira zopangira ma genome kuti apeze mizere ya DH," adatero Lübberstedt.
Amapereka mwayi wambiri kwa Aboobucker, yemwe adatsogolera ntchitoyi kuti apeze yankho lachidule cha nthawi yayitali ya kusabereka kwa amuna a haploid.
"Ndayamba kuzindikira kuti iyi ndi vuto lalikulu," adatero Aboobucker. "Mayankho a ogwira nawo ntchito padziko lonse lapansi kuyambira pomwe nkhani yathu idasindikizidwa mwezi watha akhala akukulirakulira."
Lübberstedt ndi Aboobucker akukhulupirira kuti masinthidwe opindulitsa omwe apeza atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito - ndikusintha - ku chimanga ndi mbewu zina. Kuwona kuthekera uku ndi imodzi mwama projekiti otsatira omwe ali m'chizimezime.