Agronomists ayenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa anthu kuti athe kutengera ziwerengero za ma tuber.
Olima ayenera kuzindikira posachedwa kusiyana kwa mbeu za mbatata nthawi iliyonse. Izi zikomo chifukwa cha ntchito yochitidwa ndi Harper Adams University, wophunzira wa PhD wolipiridwa ndi AHDB a Joseph Mhango. Chida chake chatsopano chopangira zisankho chimagwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga lotchedwa Deep Learning limodzi ndi zithunzi zojambulidwa za drone zowerengera manambala, ndi mapu komwe zimachitikira.
Njira imeneyi imatha kuzindikira zinthu, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwona makina pamakina oyendetsa okha. A Mhango adati: "Agronomists akuyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa anthu kuti athe kupanga ma tuber.
"Pazaka ziwiri zapitazi, takhala tikupanga njira zina pogwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga kuti tithe kuthetsa vuto la momwe tingaganizire kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa tsinde pamunda wa mbatata pamadenga athunthu, makamaka masiku 70 mutabzala." Pofufuza mitengo yazomera pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ofiira ofiira, a buluu komanso obiriwira omwe adatengedwa ndi drone, a Joseph adazindikira kuti mfundo za meratorematic za mbatata zitha kuwerengedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyimira tsinde la tsinde.
Kuphunzira mwakuya kunagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mtundu wolimba wowerengera manambala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga mapu otentha a kuchuluka kwa tsinde m'munda wonse. Chidachi chimapangidwa makamaka kuti chithandizire kusankha kwa zokolola, kuti madera omwe ali ndi ma tubers ambiri atha kutsala ndi nthawi yochulukirapo, pomwe omwe ali ndi ma tubers ochepa, amakololedwa koyamba.
“Mitundu yomwe idaphunzitsidwa kale imawonetsa kuti komwe kuli masinde ambiri mbali iliyonse ya nthaka, ziyembekezo zabwino kwambiri za tubers ziyenera kuyembekezeredwa pamtengo wokwanira kukula kwa ma tuber. "Adanenanso kuti alimi amadziwa bwino ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa tsinde la mbatata ndi zokolola za tuber komanso kufalitsa kukula kwake, ndipo zisankho zanthawi yakukolola nthawi zambiri zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zokolola zingapo zokumba m'munda wonse.
"Kusiyana pakati pa mtunduwu ndi enanso ndikuti kumapereka kuthekera kokuyerekeza kusiyanasiyana kwa m'munda kuti mupereke chidziwitso cholongosola magawo oyang'anira muulimi woyenera. ”Mtundu watsopano wa Joseph wayesedwa m'minda yambiri ya mbatata kudutsa Shropshire ndi Lincolnshire, ndipo zikuwoneka ngati zabwino kwambiri, adatero. "Chida chatsopanochi chithandizira kuti ulimi wachangu ukhale wosavuta kukwaniritsa, chifukwa uthengawu ungathandizire kusankha nthawi yakukometsa ndi kukolola, komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi herbicide."
Kutanthauzira feteleza kukhala zokolola
Komanso monga gawo la maphunziro ake wakhala akupanga magwiridwe antchito a mbatata m'magawo asanu, akuyang'ana momwe feteleza amagwiritsira ntchito nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) ndi sulfure (S) ndi kusiyanasiyana kwamomwe amatanthauzira kuti apereke zokolola, komanso panthawi yanji amasiya kupereka. "Kuyankha kwakukula kwa nthaka kumatha kusiyanasiyana m'munda chifukwa cha milingo yomwe ilipo kale m'nthaka. "Zitsanzo za dothi zidatengedwa pambuyo pothira feteleza, ndipo m'minda yambiri tidapeza umboni wochulukirapo womwe umalumikiza kuchuluka kwa P m'munda wokhala ndi timibulu ting'onoting'ono."
"Kumvetsetsa kwathu kwakhala kuti kulowerera kwa ma tuber komwe kumakhalapo mu mbatata ndipo kokha kagawo kakang'ono ka tubers kamene kamagwiritsa ntchito michere yokwanira. "Komabe, pama michere yambiri yomwe imapezeka m'minda ya alimi, tikusonkhanitsa umboni kuti izi sizingakhale zoona nthawi zonse. "Zomwe apezazi zikuwonetsa kuti magawo onse a kafukufukuyu akugwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso wa michere, ndipo mkati mwamagawo awa, panali ubale wolakwika pakati pa magulu a P ndi magawidwe a kukula kwa tuber.
"M'malo mongogwiritsa ntchito njira zodziwikiratu za mankhwala, timafuna kumvetsetsa mgwirizano womwe ulipo pakati pa kufalikira kwa nthaka ndi ma tuber m'munda weniweni." Zotsatira zake, adagwiritsa ntchito njira zowerengera za geo-statistical kuti apange zitsanzo, Izi, akukhulupirira, zatilola kupanga mitundu ndi ma coefficients omwe akuwonetsa bwino maubale omwe amapezeka m'minda ya alimi ". "Nthawi zambiri, alimi amatha kuthira feteleza wambiri pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti mbewu zawo zili ndi michere yokwanira, koma izi zitha kukhala zowononga zokolola komanso zabwino."
Mitundu itatu yamitundu iyi imathandizira kuphatikizika ndi njira yowerengera tsinde, komanso kuphatikiza zithunzi za satelayiti kuti zikwaniritse kuneneratu. Gawo lachitatu la PhD ya Joseph limaphatikizira kuphatikiza kwa zithunzi za satelayiti zowoneka bwino kwambiri za dothi ndi denga kuchokera kumalo ake owerengera. "Tiziyeza momwe zithunzi za satellite zingathandizire kukwaniritsa kulosera kwa mbatata ndikugawana kukula kwa tuber nthawi yokolola isanakwane."
Onerani ulalikiwu kuchokera ku Sabata la Agronomy:
Zigawo: Mbatata
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