#paddockselection #potatoproduction #soilhealth #diseasepressure #croppingrotations #pathogenloads #seedbedpreparation #soilbornediseases #organicmatterlevels
Posankha ma paddocks opanga mbatata, zinthu zingapo zofunika ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zitsimikizire zotsatira zabwino. Mfundo zotsatirazi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pozindikira kuti paddock ndi yoyenera kulima mbatata:
Dziko Latsopano
Kugwiritsa ntchito malo omwe sanagwiritsidwepo kale kulima mbatata kumadzetsa ubwino wochepetsera matenda obwera m'nthaka omwe angasokoneze zokolola ndi ubwino wake. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuwunikanso kupezeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe titha kukhala pazambiri zomwe sizikhala mbatata. Mbalame zomwe sizinamerepo mbatata zimatha kukhala ndi zilonda zam'mizu, mfundo za mizu, ndi nematodes. Kuti muteteze thanzi la nthaka, ndikofunikira kuyika mbewu zovomerezeka bwino, kuletsa kuyika kwa mbatata zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka m'madoko a ukhondo.
Kulima Mbatata Kale
Mbiri ya kulima mbatata mu paddock imakhudza kwambiri kuthamanga kwa matenda komanso thanzi la nthaka. Kuchuluka kwa mbewu za mbatata zomwe zimabzalidwa paddock komanso kutalika kwa kasinthasintha pakati pa mitundu yomwe ikukhala nayo ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kusinthasintha kwakanthawi kochepa, kokhala ndi mbewu zambiri za mbatata, kumawonjezera kupsinjika kwa matenda. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa madontho akuda kumagwirizana ndi kutalika kwa kasinthasintha komanso kuchuluka kwa mbewu za mbatata zomwe zabzalidwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, kulima kwambiri mbewu, makamaka pambuyo pa mizu ya mbewu monga mbatata ndi kaloti, kumatha kukhudza kapangidwe ka nthaka ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe. Izi ndi zoona makamaka pa dothi lapakati kapena lolemera kwambiri, makamaka pamene kukolola kumachitika pansi pa chinyezi cha nthaka. Ndikofunikira kuthana ndi zovuta za thanzi lanthaka kuti tiwonetsetse kuti mbatata izikhala yokhazikika.
Kusankha madoko mwanzeru polima mbatata kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pakukula kwa mbewu zonse. Kusankha paddock moyenera:
Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa matenda: Kusankha madoko opanda mbiri ya kulima mbatata kumathandiza kuchepetsa matenda obwera m'nthaka, kukulitsa zokolola komanso kukongola.
Imakulitsa thanzi lanthaka: Poganizira za kasinthasintha wa mbeu ndi kasamalidwe ka nthaka, milingo ya zinthu zachilengedwe imatha kusamalidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yathanzi komanso yokhalitsa.
Amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza moyenerera: Mapaddo omwe sanagwiritsidwepo ntchito m'minda yamaluwa Kupanga pangafune feteleza wowonjezera ndi kusintha nthaka kuti nthaka ikhale bwino, kukulitsa kulima kwa mbatata.
Kusankha madoko oyenera opangira mbatata kumakhudzanso kuwunika mosamalitsa kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kasinthasintha wa mbeu zakale, mbiri ya mankhwala a udzu, ndi kuyenerera kwa nthaka. Popanga zisankho zabwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera, alimi amatha kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa matenda, kulimbikitsa thanzi lanthaka, ndikupeza zokolola zabwino za mbatata.