Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwopsezo cha kukana kwa antimicrobial kwapangitsa ofufuza kufunafuna mankhwala atsopano kulikonse. Sabata ino mu mBio, gulu la ofufuza a m’mayiko osiyanasiyana ku Ulaya linanena kuti anapeza mankhwala atsopano oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda otchedwa solanimycin. Pagululi, lomwe poyamba linali lodzipatula ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda lomwe limakhudza mbatata, likuwoneka kuti limapangidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya mabakiteriya okhudzana ndi zomera.
Solanimycin imachita motsutsana ndi bowa wambiri womwe umadziwika kuti umayambitsa komanso kuwononga mbewu zaulimi, malinga ndi ofufuza. M'maphunziro a labu, gululi lidachitanso zotsutsana candida albicans, bowa lomwe limapezeka mwachibadwa m'thupi koma lingayambitse matenda oopsa. Zotsatira zikusonyeza kuti solanimycin, ndi mankhwala ogwirizana, akhoza kukhala othandiza pazaulimi ndi zachipatala.
Tizilombo ta m'nthaka, makamaka kuchokera ku Actinobacteria phylum, timatulutsa ma antibiotic ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano. Zomwe zatulukirazi zikusonyeza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kuyang'anitsitsa, makamaka pamene mbewu zimayamba kukana mankhwala omwe alipo, anatero Rita Monson, katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo, Ph.D., ku yunivesite ya Cambridge. Anatsogolera kafukufukuyu ndi katswiri wofufuza za ma cell a Miguel Matilla, Ph.D., ku Spanish Research Council's Estación Experimental del Zaidín, ku Granada.
"Tiyenera kuyang'ana mokulirapo pazambiri zomwe tili nazo," adatero Monson.
Bakiteriya ya mbatata ya pathogenic Dickeya solani, yomwe imapanga solanimycin, inayamba kudziwika zaka zoposa 15 zapitazo. Ofufuza mu labu ya katswiri wodziwa zamoyo wa ma cell a George Salmond, Ph.D., ku Yunivesite ya Cambridge, adayamba kufufuza momwe angaphatikizire maantibayotiki pafupifupi zaka khumi zapitazo.
Matilla adati: "Zovuta izi zidatuluka mwachangu, ndipo tsopano zikufalikira.
Solanimycin si mankhwala oyamba opezeka ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mu ntchito yapitayi, ofufuza adapeza kuti D.solani Amapanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo otchedwa oocydin A, omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana.
Zomwe zapezedwa m'mbuyomu, komanso kuwunika kwa jini la bakiteriya, zidawonetsa kuti zitha kupanga maantibayotiki owonjezera, adatero Matilla, nawonso omwe ali ndi antifungal. Lingaliro limenelo linapindula: Matilla, Monson, Salmond ndi anzawo anapeza kuti pamene anatonthola chibadwa chimene chinapanga oocydin A, bakiteriyayo anapitirizabe kusonyeza ntchito yolimbana ndi mafangasi.
Kuwona kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti adziwike solanimycin ndikuzindikiritsa magulu a jini omwe amachititsa mapuloteni omwe amapanga pawiri.
Ofufuzawo adapeza kuti bakiteriya amagwiritsa ntchito chigawocho mochepa, ndikuchipanga potengera kuchuluka kwa ma cell. Malo a acidic pH - monga momwe amapezeka mu mbatata - amayambitsanso gulu la jini la solanimycin. Monson adanena kuti zikuwoneka ngati njira yotetezera yochenjera.
"Ndi antifungal yomwe timakhulupirira kuti idzagwira ntchito popha omwe akupikisana nawo, ndipo mabakiteriya amapindula kwambiri ndi izi," adatero Monson. "Koma simuyatsa pokhapokha mutakhala mu mbatata."
Monson adati ochita kafukufukuwo ayamba kugwirizana ndi akatswiri a zamankhwala kuti aphunzire zambiri za kapangidwe ka maselo a solanimycin ndikumvetsetsa bwino momwe amagwirira ntchito. Kenako, iye ndi Matilla adati akuyembekeza kuwona kupitilirabe kuyezetsa pagululi pazomera ndi nyama.
"Zotsatira zathu zam'tsogolo zikuyang'ana kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti titeteze zomera," adatero Matilla. Gulu lofufuza likuwona kupezeka ngati chizindikiro cholimbikitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - monga D.solani - akhoza kukakamizidwa kuti apange mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito polimbana ndi matenda a zomera ndi anthu.
"Tiyenera kutsegulira kuti tifufuze chilichonse chomwe chilipo kuti tipeze maantibayotiki atsopano," adatero Matilla.