Micronutrients amakonda kugwera m'njira, koma kufunikira kwawo sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Dongosolo lokwanira lazakudya ndilofunika kwambiri. Kuti tidziwe zambiri za zomwe alimi amatanthauza, tidayankhula ndi a Jimmy Ridgway, Woyang'anira Mbewu za Mbatata ku Yara North America.
Poyerekeza ndi nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu, mbatata sizifuna zinc, mkuwa, manganese, boron kapena magnesium yambiri, koma sizitanthauza kuti sizigwira ntchito yofunika pakukula kwa mbatata.
Chifukwa micronutrients?
Micronutrients monga zinc, mkuwa ndi manganese ndizofunikira pamachitidwe azomera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kusunga zinc, mkuwa ndi manganese mulingo woyenera mu chomeracho kumatha kuthandizira kupewa ndi kuwongolera matenda.
Monga gawo la pulani yokwanira yokhala ndi fungicides yaposachedwa komanso yothanirana pakapanikizika, milingo yoyenera ya micronutrients iyi imatha kupanga kusiyana kwakukulu, monga thanzi labwino laumunthu. "Titha kufuna mankhwala tikadwala, koma pamakhala mwayi wochepa wodwala tikamamwa mavitamini ndikudya chakudya chabwino," adatero Ridgway. Njira imodzi yomwe micronutrients imagwira ntchito polekerera komanso kulimbana ndi matenda ndikuti mulingo wa michere yomwe imafunikira pazomera za mbatata nthawi zambiri imakhala poizoni wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Manganese ndichitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha ntchitoyi. Mulingo wa manganese chomera cha mbatata chimasowa pafupifupi 100 kuposa Streptomyces mphere (thupi lomwe limayambitsa nkhanambo) limafunikira. Chifukwa chake dothi likakhala ndi manyowa olingana ndi mulingo woyenera, kawopsedweko kamakhala kolemera ku tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndipo kumatha kuchepetsa nkhanambo.
Calcium, boron ndi mkuwa zimagwira ntchito yolimbitsa makoma am'maselo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kuti tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tilowemo motero kuwononga kapena kuwononga maselo. "Kashiamu m'makoma amaselo amakhala ngati guluu womata pamodzi, motero bakiteriya wopatsa mwayi kapena bowa sangathe kulowa mosavuta," adatero Ridgway. Ma secondary ena ndi micronutrients nawonso ali ndi maudindo apadera. Mwachitsanzo, magnesium ndi boron zimathandizira kuyenda kwa chakudya kuchokera masamba kupita ku tubers; ngati milingo yawo siyolondola, kulira kwa ma tubers kumatha kuchepetsedwa kapena kuyimilira palimodzi. Boron ndiyofunikanso pakugawika kwama cell komanso kulimbikitsa mphamvu yama cell.
Kodi ndi njira ziti zabwino zoyeserera micronutrient level?
Ridgway amalimbikitsa alimi kutenga zitsanzo za petiole sabata iliyonse kuyambira pachiyambi cha tuber kudzera pakuchepetsa mochedwa. "Olima omwe akutukuka akutenganso zitsanzo zadothi mkati mwa nyengo kuwonjezera pa zitsanzo zisanachitike," adatero. Chovuta ndikungotenga zitsanzo za nthaka, ndikuti michere m'nthaka mwina singapezeke chifukwa cha pH, kulumikizana ndi mankhwala, kapena kutsutsana wina ndi mnzake. Mwachitsanzo, calcium, yomwe imayenera kukhala yosungunuka kuti mbatata izitenge, imakonda kumangiriridwa ngati gypsum kapena calcium carbonate. "Palibe njira yogwiritsira ntchito kashiamu wosungunuka, mwachitsanzo," adatero Ridgway, "ndipo sindinamvepo za vuto la poyizoni wa calcium."
Kodi Ridgway amalimbikitsa malamulo ati?
1. Zakudya zabwino ndi mpikisano wothamanga kwa nyengo yayitali. Amafuna kusintha kutengera gawo lakukula, chifukwa chake zakudya zimayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndipo fetereza iyenera kusinthidwa pakufunika kuyambira kubzala mpaka kukhwima.
2. Kuyesedwa kumathandiza. Kudziwa nthaka m'deralo kumathandiza kwambiri kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino - osati kuwononga ntchito. Gwiritsani ntchito zitsanzo zamatenda kuti muzindikire momwe zakudya zimakhalira, osati monga chida chotsimikizirira chosowa. Mapulogalamu azakudya zomwe zimagwirira ntchito mdera lina sizingakhale zabwino zedi kudera lina.
3. Mvetsetsani kapangidwe kazinthu. “Olima nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti ngati akugwiritsa ntchito fungicides yomwe ili ndi zinc ndi manganese kuti mankhwalawa akupereka nthaka ndi nthaka ndi manganese; Komabe, mapangidwe a fungicides adapangidwa kuti asunge zinc ndi manganese patsamba kuti athane ndi matendawa. Manyowa a foliar, komabe, adapangidwa kuti alowe mumalowo ndikukhala ndi thanzi labwino, "adatero Ridgway.
4. Tsatirani ndi kusanthula. Yesetsani mwatsatanetsatane ma petioles kuti muwone momwe michere ilili. N'zotheka kukhala ndi vuto la michere popanda zizindikilo zowoneka. Izi zitha kutanthauza kutayika kwa zokolola pamzere.
Pomaliza, alimi akuyenera kusintha malingaliro awo kutengera msika womwe ma tubers amalowa; zofunikira pazakudya zimasintha kutengera ngati mbatata zagwiritsidwa ntchito kumsika watsopano, pokonza kapena mbeu. "Ngati mlimi akupita nyengo ndi pulani yolimba yochokera pazinthu izi, wolima - ndikubzala - sakhala ndi nkhawa."
Yara akudzipereka kuthandiza alimi kulima mbatata zawo zapamwamba potengera zokolola komanso zabwino, zomwe zimakhudza phindu lawo. Chidziwitso cha mbeu, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zida zophatikizira ukadaulo ndi ntchito - komanso mbiri yazakudya zabwino kwambiri pamsika ndizo maziko a Yara Crop Nutrition Solution ya mbatata. Kuti mudziwe zambiri pitani https://www.yara.us/crop-nutrition/potato/.