California Avocado Commission adayamba kulimbikitsa guacamole chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake ngati Super Bowl ndi Cinco de Mayo zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, ndikuchita bwino.
Masiku ano, kutchuka kwa guacamole yatsopano yokonzedwanso kukukulirakulira. Zili ponseponse - komanso ku America - monga kuviika kwa tchizi ndi agalu otentha pamaphwando a Super Bowl.
"Kukula kwa mapeyala ngati gulu sikudziwika," atero a Jan DeLyser, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wazotsatsa ku bungweli. "Kukula kwa guacamole yokonzedwa kwathandizira kuthandizira kuwonjezereka kwa gulu lonse."
Ananenanso za kutulutsidwa kwa atolankhani mu 2013 kuchokera ku Wholly Guacamole, wopanga zinthu zatsopano zosinthidwa za guacamole. Kutulutsako kunanena kuti deta ya AC Nielsen chaka chatha idawonetsa kugulitsa kwa mapeyala kwakwera ndi 34 peresenti, pomwe gulu lonse la guacamole lopangidwa mufiriji likukula chaka ndi chaka ndi 9.4 peresenti.
Chifukwa chiyani kudumpha motere mukumwa ma avocado komanso kugulitsa mapeyala okonzeka kudya komanso zamkati ndi zidutswa za mapeyala atsopano ndi owumitsidwa? Mawu atatu ang'onoang'ono: High Pressure Processing (HPP).
Monga Jaime Nicolas akuuzira, HPP ndi njira yaying'ono yosungira zakudya mwachilengedwe.
"Mwachizoloŵezi, zakudya zakhala zikukonzedwa ndi kutentha kwapasteurization kapena zotetezera," adatero Nicolas, mkulu wa bungwe. Hiperbaric, kampani yaku Spain yokhala ndi likulu la US ku Miami yomwe yakhala ikupanga, kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida za HPP kwa zaka 15. "HPP ndi njira yowonjezeretsa moyo wa alumali mwachilengedwe ndi kuzizira kozizira.
"Zomwe timachita ndikupanga 87,000 psis of pressure mkati mwa chipinda cha HPP ndikuchiyika pamenepo kwa mphindi zitatu. Kupanikizika kumeneko kumapha mabakiteriya, makamaka, koma chifukwa kuzizira, sikukhudza thanzi, kukoma kapena kapangidwe kake. Zili ngati kuti watenga katunduyo m’phukusilo n’kukaponya m’nyanja makilomita 40—ndiko kukakamiza kumene timaikapo.”
HPP imagwira ntchito ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zakudya zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka, adatero Nicolas.
"Tili ndi mapulogalamu ambiri osiyanasiyana, koma ambiri mwa iwo ndi nyama zophikidwa, salsa, guacamole, saladi wonyowa, timadziti, zakudya zokonzeka kudya, mkaka, mkaka," adatero Nicolas. Amafunikabe kusungidwa mufiriji chifukwa sitipha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma sitiyenera kuzizira.
HPP yakhala yofunika kwambiri pakutsegulira njira zopangira ma avocado, kuyambira ndi Don Bowden, woyambitsa wa Guacamole kwathunthu. Salinso ndi kampaniyo, yomwe tsopano ndi mtundu wa MegaMex Foods. Mmodzi mwa opanga zazikulu kwambiri zopangira chakudya chaku Mexico chokonzekeratu ku US, MegaMex ndi mgwirizano pakati pa Hormel Foods ndi Herdez del Fuerte.
Malinga ndi tsamba la Wholly Guacamole, Bowden anali mwini malo odyera kufunafuna guacamole yokonzekera kuti azitumikira m'malo ake.
Koma monga momwe aliyense amene adapangapo guacamole akudziwa, mapeyala amayamba kufiirira mukangodula.
"Anayamba kuyesa makina a labu ndi makina oyambira a HPP," adatero Nicolas. “Pa nthawiyo, sikunali kotheka kwenikweni chifukwa makina anali aang’ono kwambiri.
“Kumeneko ndi komwe tidabwera ndikupanga makina akulu, othamanga ndikupangitsa kuti ukadaulo ukhale wotsika mtengo pantchitoyi. Zinatanthauza dziko kwa iwo chifukwa chakuti anachoka ku chinthu chimene kaŵirikaŵiri chimatha kukhala ndi shelufu ya masiku atatu kapena anayi n’kufika pokhoza kutha kukhala ndi shelufu yamasiku 60 ya zinthu zatsopano, zokhala mufiriji zopanda zotetezera.”
Masiku ano, Wholly Guacamole amagulitsa zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri zokonzeka kudya, zokometsera zomwe zimakhala zazikulu kuyambira 8- ndi 10-oz. ma tray kupita ku minis zokhwasula-khwasula. Kampaniyo imagulitsanso mapeyala atsopano osapangidwa ndi chunky "kuti ogula asamavutike ndikudabwa kuti chacha komanso momwe angakonzekerere," adatero Terrill Bacon, wamkulu wamtundu wa Wholly Guacamole, adatero.
"Guacamole Yonse imagwiranso ntchito ndi zakudya kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zawo," adatero Bacon.
Amagwiritsa ntchito mapeyala a Hass ochokera ku Mexico popanga. Ena mwa mapurosesa ena akuluakulu akuphatikizapo Simplot ndi Calavo, anatero Carl Stucky, mlangizi wa zaulimi ndi kasamalidwe ka famu komanso mlembi-msungichuma wa California Avocado Society Board of Directors.
"Mapeyala ambiri okonzedwa ndi ochokera ku Mexico," adatero Kevin Ball, pulezidenti wa California Avocado Society. "Alimi pano sakuwona phindu lachindunji kuchokera ku guacamole."
Olima ma avocado aku US amapeza phindu limodzi kuchokera pakuphulika kwa kuphulika, komabe, zolemba za Ball.
"Pamafunika pafupifupi mapaundi awiri a mapeyala atsopano kuti apange paundi imodzi ya guacamole," adatero Ball. "Izi zimachotsa mapeyala aku Mexico pamsika watsopano."
Mapurosesa amatulutsa kwambiri zamkati ndi guacamole, adatero Nicolas.
"Tili ndi makasitomala ku Mexico, Chile, Peru, Spain - ngakhale California," adatero Nicolas. "Amalima mapeyala, amasakaniza zamkati, ndikupanga zamkati, kenako amanyamula, kenako HPP.
"Ena a iwo, zomwe amachita ndikuziwumitsa kuti zitumize kuzizira padziko lonse lapansi, ndikuzigawa mufiriji, zomwe zimawapatsa mwayi. Izi zisanachitike, ankafunika kuigulitsa yoziziritsidwa kapena kukhala ndi masiku atatu kapena anayi kuti augulitse m’firiji.”
Kuchulukitsa kwapangitsa kuti ma avocados komanso ma guacamole azipezeka kwa ogula chaka chonse, adatero DeLyser.
"Kutsatsa kwathandizira kukulitsa kufunikira ndikukokera zinthu kudzera munjira zogawa," adatero. "Kufalitsa uthenga wopatsa thanzi wokhudza mapeyala kwathandizira kwambiri, monganso ophika ambiri, malo odyera, olemba mabulogu ndi ena olimbikitsa omwe amalimbikitsa kusinthasintha kwa mapeyala."
Ndipo sichidzatha posachedwa. "Kupitilira muyeso wazinthu zomangidwiratu za guacamole zomwe zimalowa pamsika, komanso kufunitsitsa kwa mafani a Guacamole kuyesa ndikupitilizabe kugula zokometsera za Wholly Guacamole, zikuwonetsa kupitiliza kukula kwa mapeyala ku US," adatero Bacon.