Ndizotheka kulima kwanthawi yayitali panthaka yachonde popanda kupereka feteleza wamtundu ndi wokumba kuchokera kunja. Izi zikuwonekera pamilandu yolima feteleza wodula ndikunyamula wa Planty Organic. Poyesa pambuyo pa zaka 9, omwe akuchita nawo kafukufukuyu adadabwa ndikukhazikika. "Osayesa izi pamchenga," ndi lingaliro limodzi.
Ku famu yoyesera ya Kollumerwaard, ofufuzawo adasanthula malire azomwe zingatheke ndi feteleza wawo wodula ndikunyamula. Adagwiritsa ntchito pulani ya mbewu zomwe amasinthasintha zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Mmenemo adaphatikizanso chipatso chachisanu ndi chimodzi cha chimanga cha legume, chomwe chimagwira ngati feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Geert-Jan van der Burgt, yemwe ankagwira ntchito yokolola nthaka, anati: “Sitinkagwiritsa ntchito nyemba zoterezi monga chakudya cha ng'ombe koma tinkadyetsera nthaka.”
Van der Burgt akuti zinali zotheka kuchita izi kwa nthawi yayitali pamalo a Kollumerwaard, chifukwa dothi ladothi limakhala lachonde. Amaganiza kuti chuma chambiri m'dothi, ulimi ungachitike zaka zana motere. “Sikuti cholinga chake ndi ichi ayi. Tikufuna kuyambitsa mkombero. Kafukufukuyu akukhudzana ndikuchepetsa manyowa achilengedwe muulimi wa organic. ”
Kutali kwambiri
Mlimi amagwiritsa ntchito zokolola kuti achotse zakudya m'dongosolo loterolo. Kupeza malire posapereka manyowa kapena feteleza kuchokera kunja kumapangitsa kuyesa kukhala kosangalatsa kwa alimi onse olimidwa. Funso linali lakuti mungafike kutali bwanji ndi izi. Van der Burgt akuyankha izi: "Kutali kwambiri!"
Kupanga kwa kuyesa kwa Planty Organic kuli pafupi kwambiri ndi kulimidwa kwachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo limodzi mwa chisanu ndi chimodzi cha dothi likufunika pakulima nayitrogeni (17%). Poyerekeza ndi ulimi wamba, Planty Organic amapereka zokolola 40%. Pulofesa wa Plant Production Systems a Martin van Ittersum a WUR akulongosola zokolola zochepa za 40% pamaziko a 20% yomwe imapangidwa mwachilengedwe komanso yotsala kuchokera kumtunda wowonjezera wa nitrogen. "Ndiye kuti ndichoncho," adatero Van Ittersum.
Pulofesa amapeza mayeso ku SPNA osangalatsa kwambiri. “Sitiyenera kubwerera ku 0% ya nayitrogeni. Titha kukhala ndi njira zokhazikika zobwezeretsanso nayitrogeni kapena nayitrogeni. ”Popitiliza Planty Organic, ofufuza akufuna kuyang'ana kutseka mkombero ndi zotsalira zomwe zikuyenda.
Van der Burgt akuganiza kuti ndibwino kusiya phosphate kuchokera panja pamayeso. "Munganene kuti timakumba dothi chonchi, koma ndikuganiza kuti titha kudziwa momwe tingapindulire nthaka yathu tisanamalize migodi ku Morocco."
Malo okwanira
Wotembenuzidwa, pakuyesedwa maulendo 1.6 amafunika malo ochulukirapo kuti pakhale kupanga komweko. Chiwerengerochi chimatha kuchepetsedwa pogwiritsira ntchito zotsalira m'malo mwa feteleza odula ndi kunyamula. Wogulitsa Zamasamba Jaap Korteweg akuti madera opitilira 70 peresenti ya ulimi wapadziko lonse tsopano akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ziweto. "Pali malo ambiri," akumaliza, poganiza kuti chakudya chambiri chazomera chidzapangitsa kuti padziko lapansi pazikhala chakudya chokwanira.
Mapeto azaka zisanu ndi zinayi
Mwachidule, Planty Organic akuyang'ana m'mbuyo zaka zisanu ndi zinayi zopambana. Ulimi wamtunduwu umatheka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito makina m'nyumba. Nitrogeni wa dothi ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zimasungidwa. Njirayi ndiyothandiza kwambiri ndi nayitrogeni ndipo kutayikira kumadzi apansi ndikotsika kwambiri. Izi zimachitikanso chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa ziwembuzo.
Van der Burgt akuti 'kutulutsa ndalama kunja' ndikochepa. Amatanthauza kuti pali makina ochepa motero dizilo amafunikira ndipo palibe zofunikira zakunja zomwe zikufunika. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito popanga nayitrogeni, yomwe imagwiritsanso ntchito mphamvu ngati ichitika ngati feteleza. Ku Planty Organic, ma 235 kilogalamu a nayitrogeni pa hekitala amafalitsidwa ndipo ma kilogalamu 76 amasiya malowo ngati malonda. Munthawi yofananira, ma 215 kilogalamu a nayitrogeni amafalitsidwa pa hekitala pachaka ndipo ma kilogalamu 125 amasiya malowo ngati chinthu. Zowonongeka zimakhala ndi zokolola zambiri.
Chenjezo loti osangoyesera izi kunyumba limabwera kangapo pakuwunika. Choyamba, dothi liyenera kukhala lachonde lokwanira. Zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kukhalabe pamchenga. Jan Willem Bakker, wolima pafupi ndi Kollumerwaard akutola kale mfundo pamlanduwo. “Pazaka khumi zapitazi ndachoka pa mailojeni a nayitrogeni 170 kufika pa 100, gawo lina limachokera munyambo yanga. Potero, ndimagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso kuchokera kumuyeso wa momwe nthaka imagwirira ntchito yopanda zakunja. "