Kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mbewu komanso kukwera mitengo kwamitengo ndizizindikiro za vuto lotsatira.
Mavuto ambiri omwe amakhudza msika wa feteleza, monga kupezeka kwa zinthu zochokera ku China, kusokoneza mayendedwe operekera katundu komanso mtengo wokwera kwambiri wonyamula katundu, amakhudzanso opanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo - omwe nthawi zina amakhala ofanana ndi opanga feteleza.
Vuto la alimi ndilakuti: sadzakhala ndi feteleza wa mchere wotsalira chaka chamawa, koma sangathenso mokwanira. kuletsa udzu, bowa ndi tizirombo . A kusowa kwa glyphosate ndi zinthu zina zofunika zoteteza mbewu zitha kupangitsa kuti alimi aku Europe, USA ndi Asia akwaniritse njira yoyenera yobzala mbewu zawo masika akubwera.
Alimi aku US akukumana kale ndi vuto lalikulu kusowa kwa mankhwala ophera udzu kuphatikizapo glyphosate , mankhwala ophera udzu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku US komanso padziko lonse lapansi, inatero Chemical & Engineering News (C&EN), yomwe ndi ntchito yapadera pa intaneti.
Jeff Bunting, yemwe amayang'anira gawo loteteza mbewu ku Growmark waku North America, adauza Chemical & Engineering News kuti kampani yake yakhala ikuvutika kuti ipeze zoteteza mbewu zokwanira kwa miyezi ingapo. Ndipo palibe kusintha komwe kumawonekera pakadali pano. Kuphatikiza pa mavuto obwera kuchokera ku China, mphepo yamkuntho Ida inawononganso malo akuluakulu a Germany Kampani ya Chemical Bayer ku Louisiana kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Glyphosate ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo amapangidwa kumeneko. Chomerachi chayambanso kale, akutero Buntin, koma makampaniwa akukumana ndi mavuto ena ambiri.
Kugulanso mankhwala ophera udzu nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwera mtengo kwambiri
Bill Johnson, wasayansi pa yunivesite ya Purdue, amakhulupirira kuti glufosinate, mankhwala ena aakulu a udzu, adzakhala ndi mavuto ofanana ndi amenewa. adzakhala ochepa masabata angapo otsatira . Zambiri zotumizidwa kunja ndi zofunikira padziko lonse lapansi mankhwala a ulimi musamafike kapena kufika mochedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwa zombo kapena vuto lalikulu la mayendedwe.
Kupanga kwa agrochemicals, komwe kukulephereka kale, kukuchedwa kuchedwa. Kukwera mtengo kwa mayendedwe kumapangitsanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo kukhala okwera mtengo kapena zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zina zodula (zokhala ndi malire okwera) zimakondedwa kuti zinyamulidwe.
Josh Cox ndi mlimi wochokera m'chigawo cha US ku Indiana. Amalima chimanga, soya ndi tirigu. Cox adauza C&E kuti adangopeza theka la glyphosate yomwe adafuna chaka chamawa, ngakhale adayitanitsa miyezi ingapo kale kuposa masiku onse. Komanso, kusowa kumayendetsa galimoto mitengo ya zina zonse mankhwala ophera tizilombo okwera kwambiri. Choncho mlimi sadziwa nkomwe ngati angakwanitse kugula glyphosate yowonjezera ngati ipezekanso.
Choncho wasayansi Johnson amalimbikitsa alimi kuti azitsatira njira zina. Inu mukuyenera kutero khazikitsani ndondomeko zowononga udzu zomwe sizidalira herbicides . Zomwe zingakhudze kulima nthaka zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa udzu kapena kupitilira apo mbewu kubzala, zomwe zimapondereza namsongole kapena kuzichepetsa.
Kuchepa kudzapitilira mu 2022
Asayansi aku Kansas State University adauza Chemical & Engineering News kuti alimi akuyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwala ophera udzu omwe angapeze pakali pano. Amakonderanso omwe akuyembekezeredwa kulamulira udzu pamene ali aang'ono komanso osavuta kuwalamulira. Izi zingathandize alimi kupewa ntchito yachiwiri.
Kafukufuku waposachedwa ndi Yunivesite ya Purdue adapeza kuti alimi ambiri aku America amayembekezera mitengo yokwera kwambiri pazinthu zonse zoteteza mbewu ndi zopangira zina mchaka chamawa. Mlimi Cox ananenanso kuti, "Sizoipa kuchepetsa kudalira kwathu mankhwala ophera udzu, nthawi zina kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwatsopano." Mwachitsanzo, mbewu zopha nsomba zikulimidwa mochulukirachulukira ku USA pofuna kuchotsa udzu ndikuletsa kumera kwawo kusanabzalidwe masika. Komabe, kuchepa kwa herbicide sikungachitike bwino mu 2022.
"Izi mwina sizisinthanso mpaka chaka chokolola cha 2023," atero a Mike King, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa US ogulitsa zoteteza mbewu ku Atticus, moyang'anizana ndi tsamba la pa intaneti Kulima Bwinobwino. Kupereweraku kudapangitsa kuti Atticus asungitse zinthu zake zambiri zomwe zimafunikira 2022 miyezi ingapo m'mbuyomu kuposa masiku onse. Koma zimenezo sizinaphule kanthu.