Pochotsa ndi kukonza mchere wa potaziyamu, zinyalala zolimba za halite zimapangidwa, zomwe zimasungidwa m'malo otayira mchere. Iwo ali pafupi ndi makampani migodi ndi processing. Zinthu zowononga zinyalala zimasamuka kupita kumalo ozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi achilengedwe achuluke m'madzi ndi dothi. Ofufuza ku yunivesite ya Perm Polytechnic apereka njira yomwe ingachepetse zotsatira zoyipa ndikuwongolera chilengedwe. Zotsatira za kuyesa kwa labotale zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kutsimikizira njira zothetsera kubwezeretsedwa kwa chilengedwe cha madera.
Zambiri zamaphunziro owunikira koyamba zidasindikizidwa ndi akatswiri azachilengedwe potolera zida za All-Russian science and practical conference with international participations “Chemistry. Ecology. Urbanism" (2022). Phunzirolo lidachitika ndi thandizo lazachuma la Unduna wa Zamaphunziro ndi Sayansi waku Russia.
Zoposa 80% za nkhokwe za mchere wa potaziyamu padziko lapansi komanso pafupifupi 70% ya feteleza zopangidwa ndi iwo zili ku Russia, Belarus ndi Canada. Ma depositi akuluakulu amapezekanso ku Germany ndi France. Malinga ndi asayansi, zinyalala zopanga zimafika 70% mwamwala wochotsedwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo zinyalala zolimba za halite zomwe zili ndi 92–95% sodium chloride, ndi matope amchere amadzimadzi, omwe amaphatikiza zinthu zosungunuka komanso zosasungunuka. Kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zolimba m'mabizinesi a potashi ku Perm Territory ndi matani opitilira 270 miliyoni, ndi madzi - kupitilira 30 miliyoni m3.
“Mipanda yamchere ndi minga yoyambira mamita 100 mpaka 130 m’mwamba. Zinyalala zolimba za halite zimakhala ndi sodium chloride, halite, dolomite, gypsum ndi zonyansa zina. Chifukwa cha malo otsetsereka otsetsereka a malo otayirako komanso kusungunuka kwa mchere mokangalika malinga ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kake ka zoipitsa m'nthaka, pamwamba ndi pansi pa nthaka. Izi zitha kuyambitsa zotulukapo monga kuthira mchere m'madzi, kusintha kwakuthupi ndi mankhwala a dothi, kupukuta fumbi, ndikupanga ma biocenoses atsopano omwe sali ofanana ndi gawoli. Kuchuluka kwa zowononga mu "thupi" la dambo la mchere, m'pamenenso kusokonezeka kwa chilengedwe. Kusungidwa kwa zinyalala padziko lapansi kumabweretsa kuphwanya mpumulo ndi njira za biogeochemical m'nthaka ndi chivundikiro cha zomera, kusintha kwa mankhwala a pamwamba ndi pansi.
Larisa Rudakova - Woyang'anira Ntchito, Mtsogoleri wa Dipatimenti Yoteteza Zachilengedwe ku yunivesite ya Perm Polytechnic, Dokotala wa Sayansi Yaukadaulo, Pulofesa.
Akatswiri azachilengedwe a pa yunivesite ya Perm Polytechnic ndi anzawo ochokera ku ENI PSNIU adaphunzira momwe zinyalala zimakhalira kuchokera ku gawo la mchere la Verkhnekamsk potaziyamu-magnesium pa chilengedwe. Iwo anaganiza zochepetsera kusefedwa kwa utsi m’dzalapo mchere. Njirayi idachokera kuukadaulo womwe umadziwika kale, womwe asayansi asintha poganizira za zinyalala ndi mikhalidwe yachigawo. Pamwamba pa dambo la mchere, ofufuzawo adaganiza zopanganso: kuwongolera malo otsetsereka, kupanga chinsalu chotchinga chadongo ndikuyikapo dothi ndi mmera.
"Tidayesa ma labotale ndikufanizira momwe zimakhaliranso m'mitsuko, ndikuyikamo zinthu zotayira mchere, zigawo zingapo zadongo ngati zotchingira zoteteza, ndi zitsanzo za dothi lazonal. Kenako udzu osakaniza kugonjetsedwa ndi chilengedwe anabzala. Tidachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mbewu ndi ka 2, poyerekeza ndi malingaliro obwezeretsanso. Kupitilira apo, kutalika kwawo, kulemera kwawo ndi ntchito za redox zidayang'aniridwa kwa masiku 21 ndikuyerekeza ndi mbewu zomwe zidabzalidwa pa dothi lopanda zotayira mchere komanso chophimba chadongo. Chotsatira chake, tinatha kupeza kuti pamene dongo loteteza limachepetsa, makhalidwe a zomera amawonongeka. Pazifukwa izi, adakumana ndi kupsinjika kwa okosijeni, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuopsa kwa chilengedwe komanso kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka chitetezo.
Anna Perevoshchikova - wofufuza, wophunzira wamkulu wa Dipatimenti ya Environmental Protection, Perm Polytechnic University
Kuyeserako kunalola asayansi kudziwa m'malo a labotale makulidwe oyenera a dongo, dothi ndi udzu wosakaniza kuti abwezeretsenso dambo la mchere. Zolinga zamtsogolo za akatswiri azachilengedwe ndikuyesa mayeso oyesa.
