Pakusuntha kofunikira kwa pulasitiki, Nduna ya Zachuma ndi Zamalonda ku Senegal, Serigne Gueye Diop, adalengeza kuti dzikolo litero kuletsa kutulutsa konse kwa anyezi ndi mbatata kuyambira 2025 kupita mtsogolo, kutchula zokolola zapakhomo zolimba komanso kukula kwachuma kwamakampani. Lingaliroli silimangowonetsa sitepe yofunika kwambiri chakudya chokha, komanso amayala maziko mtengo-wowonjezera processing, kusiyanasiyana kwa ndalama, ndi ntchito zakumidzi.
Chilengezochi chikubwera ngati gawo la ndondomeko ya dziko lonse kuti ikwaniritse kuyang'anira chakudya, kukhazikika kwamitengo ya ogula, ndikuthandizira opanga m'deralo. Kuchulukirachulukira mukupanga anyezi—omwe kale kunali gwero la kutayika pambuyo pa kukolola—tsopano kulozedwerako anyezi ufa processing, kusonyeza cholinga cha dzikolo kuti chikhale chamakono ndi kukulitsa maunyolo ake aulimi.
Chifukwa Chake Izi Zili Zofunika: Kuchokera pa Zowonjezera Zopanga Kupita Ku Mphamvu Zamsika
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku FAO (2023), Sénégal yakhala ikukulitsa ulimi wake wa anyezi ndi mbatata pang'onopang'ono kudzera mu ulimi wothirira, ukhondo wa mbeu, ndi ntchito zowonjezera. Mu 2022, dzikolo lidapangidwa mozungulira 500,000 matani a anyezi ndi 80,000-100,000 matani a mbatata, poyerekeza ndi matani 200,000 okha a anyezi zaka khumi zapitazo. Ndi zokolola zomwe zikukula komanso zomangamanga zabwino, zogulira zakomweko tsopano zitha kukwanitsa zofuna zapakhomo, zomwe zimafunikira m'mbuyomu makumi masauzande a matani pazogulitsa kunja pachaka, makamaka m'nyengo zopuma.
The anyezi ufa woyambitsa ndi yofunika kwambiri. Tekinoloje ya kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi imalola:
- Kutalikitsa alumali moyo za mbewu zowonongeka kwambiri
- Kuchepetsa kuwonongeka pambuyo pokolola, zomwe zinakhudza kale mpaka 30% zokolola m'madera akumidzi
- Mwayi watsopano wamsika m’magawo okonza chakudya, kuchereza alendo, ndi otumiza kunja
Padziko lonse lapansi, a msika wa ufa wa anyezi akuyembekezeka kukula pang'onopang'ono 5.4% CAGR mpaka 2030, motsogozedwa ndi kufunikira kwa sosi, zokhwasula-khwasula, ndi zakudya zanthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi Mordor Intelligence (2024). Mwa kuyika ndalama koyambirira kwa danga lino, Sénégal ikudziyika yokha osati chifukwa chodzikwanira yokha komanso chigawo chokhoza kutumiza kunja.
Kupambana kwa Alimi ndi Kukhazikika Kwadziko
Kusuntha koletsa kulowetsa kunja kumafunanso kuteteza alimi am'deralo kuchokera kumisika yosasinthika yapadziko lonse lapansi. M'mbuyomu, zotsika mtengo zochokera ku Europe ndi Kumpoto kwa Africa zimasefukira pamsika panthawi yopangira zinthu zapakhomo, zomwe zimatsogolera kuwonongeka kwamitengo ndi kutaya chakudya. Ndi ndondomeko yatsopanoyi, Opanga am'deralo amapeza chitetezo pamtengo, pamene ogula amapindula ndi chain yokhazikika.
Ndondomeko iyi ikugwirizana ndi zambiri "PSE Green" strategy (Plan Sénégal Émergent), yomwe ikufuna kupititsa patsogolo ulimi wamakampani, kupatsa mphamvu anthu akumidzi, ndikupanga ntchito kudzera m'magulu amtengo wapatali. Kale, kuposa Alimi 150,000 akugwira ntchito yolima anyezi ndi mbatata ku Sénégal, ndipo zikwi zambiri zamayendedwe, kukonza, ndi malonda.
Zovuta Zomwe Zili M'tsogolo: Kutha Kukonza ndi Kusungirako
Ngakhale kuti chisankhocho n’chothandiza, akatswiri akuchenjeza zimenezo kachulukidwe ndi kusungirako kuyenera kukula mwachangu kusamalira kupanga zochuluka. Malinga ndi akatswiri a zaulimi amderali, mpaka 20% ya zokolola zimatayikabe chifukwa cha kuzizira kokwanira, pamene mafakitale processing gawo akadali akutuluka ndipo imafuna ndalama zokhazikika pamaphunziro, zida, ndi mwayi wopeza msika.
Zoyesayesa zomanga zili mkati zamakono ozizira unyolo zomangamanga, yonjezerani malo ophunzitsira okonza ulimi, ndi kukopa ndalama zapadera m'mabizinesi aagri. Ngati zipambana, masitepewa adzatsimikizira kuti chilimbikitso chofuna kulamulira chakudya sichimangosungidwa komanso kukulitsidwa.
Kuletsa kwa Sénégal pa malonda a anyezi ndi mbatata ndi sitepe yolimba mtima komanso yotamandika kuti pakhale ufulu wodziyimira pawokha waulimi. Poyang'ana kwambiri za ulimi wa dziko, kusintha kwa mafakitale, ndi chitukuko cha mtengo wapatali, dziko likupereka chitsanzo champhamvu cha momwe mayiko a mu Africa angachepetsere kudalira kunja, kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha chakudya, ndi kulimbikitsa chuma cha kumidzi. Ngati kuthandizidwa ndi ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito ndi kupitirizabe alimi, ndondomekoyi ikhoza kusintha tsogolo laulimi m'deralo.
