Nyengo yolima mbatata ya 2024 idabweretsa zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo kwa North-Western European Potato Growers (NEPG), bungwe loyimira Belgium, Netherlands, France, ndi Germany. Kusasunthika kwanyengo, mavuto azachuma, ndi mikhalidwe yosayembekezereka ya msika inakakamiza alimi kuti azolowere msanga kuti asunge zokolola bwino ndi kukwaniritsa zofunika. Ngakhale pali zovuta, malo omwe amalimidwa ku EU adakula ndi 7%, pomwe maekala a mbatata adafika pafupifupi mahekitala 560,000, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa mahekitala 37,000 kuyambira chaka chatha. Zotsatira zake, derali lili panjira yoti akwaniritse pafupifupi zaka zisanu zopanga matani 22.7 miliyoni, ngakhale kuti ulendowu sunali wopanda mavuto.
Zotsatira Zanyengo ndi Zosintha Zopanga
M'chaka chonse cha 2024, zovuta zanyengo zidayambitsa zopinga zazikulu kwa alimi a mbatata. Mphepo yamkuntho yoopsa, mvula yamphamvu, ndi nthawi yodzala mbewu—makamaka ku Belgium ndi kum’mwera kwa dziko la Netherlands—zinachititsa kuti nthaka iwonongeke, zomwe zinachititsa kuti mbewu zisamakule bwino. Mvula yamphamvu yosalekeza inawononga dongosolo la nthaka, kuchepetsa ngalande zake ndikuwonjezera kusatetezeka ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timachokera m'nthaka. NEPG idawona kukwera kosaneneka kwa choipitsa chakumapeto, matenda akulu a mbatata, omwe amakulitsidwa ndi mitundu yatsopano ya mafangasi yaukali komanso kunyowa kwanthawi yayitali komwe kumapangitsa kufalikira kwake. Pofuna kuthana ndi chiwopsezochi, alimi adawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera bowa, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo komanso zovuta ku nyengo yomwe inali yovuta kale.
Kuthana ndi Kuperewera kwa Mbeu ndi Njira Zina
Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zanyengo, alimi adakumananso ndi kusowa kwa mbatata, zomwe zidapangitsa kukwera mitengo komanso kukakamiza ena kudalira mbewu zomwe zidadulidwa. Ngakhale njira iyi idapereka yankho kwakanthawi, idabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa, kuphatikiza kusagwirizana kwa mbewu. Ku Belgium, alimi adalimbana ndi zovuta zowongolera mitundu yopitilira 80 ya mbatata kuti ikonzedwe, iliyonse imafuna chithandizo ndi njira zogwirira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kusiyanasiyana kumeneku kunakweza mtengo wopangira ndipo kunabweretsa zovuta zowongolera pakuwonetsetsa kuti zokolola zimakhazikika komanso zokolola zosiyanasiyana.
Zolepheretsa Kukolola ndi Kusunga
Pamene nyengo yokolola imayandikira, alimi anakumana ndi zovuta zina za kusunga. Mitundu ina ya mbatata, makamaka yocheperako, idakhala yosayenera kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zidakulitsa chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mabakiteriya owola ndi tuber blight. Malingana ndi NEPG, ngati zinthu sizikusungidwa bwino, chiopsezo cha mikwingwirima ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina kumawonjezeka, makamaka pamene ma tubers ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu pansi pa madzi. Izi zikugogomezera kufunika koyang'anira mosamala ndi kuwongolera panthawi yosungirako kuti zisawonongeke.
Kukula kwa Kusiyana kwa Kuthekera Kwa Ntchito
Ngakhale kuti msika waku Europe wokonza mbatata wakula kwambiri, makamaka kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Europe, North America, ndi madera ena a Asia ndi South America, kuwonjezeka kumeneku kwa mphamvu yokonzako sikunangosanduka kufunikira kowonjezereka. NEPG ikulangiza alimi kuti atsatire zofuna za msika mosamalitsa m'malo motulutsa zochulukirapo, zomwe zingayambitse kusalinganika kwa msika komanso kuwononga zinyalala. Kukwaniritsa zofunikira sikungolepheretsa kuchulukitsidwa komanso kumagwirizana ndi zolinga zokhazikika zomwe zakhala zofunika kwambiri pazaulimi.
Zochita Zokhazikika Kuti Zitheke Kwa Nthawi Yaitali
Kuchulukirachulukira kwakusintha kwanyengo kwapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunika kolima mbatata mokhazikika. Alimi akuyamba kudalira kwambiri machitidwe omwe amateteza nthaka kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi moyenera, komanso kusunga zamoyo zosiyanasiyana. Posintha mbewu, kusamalira madzi mwanzeru, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito umisiri wolondola, alimi a mbatata amatha kukulitsa luso la ulimi ndikuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe. Pomwe nyengo ikupitilirabe kusuntha, kutsata njira yokhazikika ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chipambano chamtsogolo paulimi wa mbatata ku Europe konse.
Nyengo ya mbatata ya 2024 kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Europe yawonetsa zovuta zomwe alimi amakumana nazo pamene kusintha kwanyengo kukukulirakulira. Ngakhale zili zopinga izi, ndikusintha komanso kusintha kwatsopano, alimi amatha kupitilizabe kukwaniritsa zofunikira pomwe akusunga zofunikira zachilengedwe. Zochita zokhazikika sizikhalanso zachisankho koma ndizofunikira kuti ulimi wa mbatata ukhale wolimba ku Europe. Kupyolera mu njira zolimbikira komanso kulimba mtima, bizinesi ya mbatata ili ndi njira yodalirika, ngakhale yofunikira.
