Kuyesera kosavuta kuswana, kuphatikiza ndi kusanthula kwa majini, kumatha kuvumbulutsa mwachangu majini omwe amalimbikitsa mgwirizano komanso zokolola zambiri za zomera, malinga ndi kafukufuku watsopano wofalitsidwa pa Novembara 29 m'magazini yotsegulira. Mapulogalamu a Biology, ndi Samuel Wuest wa yunivesite ya Zurich ndi Agroscope, Switzerland, ndi anzake. Zotsatira zake zimakhala ndi kuthekera kowonjezera zokolola mwachangu kudzera mu njira zoberekera wamba.
M'chiphunzitso chachisinthiko, anthu amapikisana, ndipo omwe ali ndi majini opindulitsa kwambiri amapanga ana ambiri omwe amakhala ndi majini opambana omwewo. Izi zimabweretsa zovuta kwa obereketsa zomera, omwe nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi kusankha zomera zomwe zimagwirizana, m'malo mopikisana. M'munda wa chimanga kapena tirigu wochulukana, zokolola zambiri zitha kukhala zabwino ngati anthu sangakule kapena kufalitsa masamba awo mokulirapo ("Green Revolution" yapakati pa zaka za m'ma 20 idadalira kwambiri kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma alleles kukhala akulu. mbewu za chimanga).
Kupeza ma alleles (mitundu ya majini omwe amasiyana pakati pa anthu) omwe angalimbikitse mgwirizano ndizovuta, koma olemba adapanga njira yoti awulule. M'malingaliro ndi nthano yamasewera, olembawo analingalira kuti genotype yogwirizana kwambiri idzachita bwino kwambiri ndi anansi ogwirizana mofananamo, koma idzachita bwino pamene ayang’anizana ndi anansi odzikonda, opikisana kwambiri.
Anagwiritsa ntchito chomera chachitsanzo cha Arabidopsis kuti afanizire momwe chomera chopatsidwa chikakula ndi munthu wina wofanana ndi chibadwa (monga chitsanzo cha monoculture) ndi momwe amachitira atakula ndi gulu la "tester" genotypes, zomwe zimasiyana ndi njira zawo zakukula. Pozindikira mphamvu zonse za chomera chilichonse (monga momwe zimayesedwera pamwamba pa nthaka) ndi kusiyana pakati pa kakulidwe kake muzochitika ziwirizi, amatha kuona kuti ndi zomera ziti zomwe zimakulitsa luso la kukula mofulumira komanso luso logwirizana ndi anthu ofanana ndi majini. kotero kuti anansi awo nawonso anakula bwino.
Ndi zomwe zili m'manja, adagwiritsa ntchito deta yosindikizidwa ya genome-wide polymorphism kuti apeze majini zogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha cooperative. Iwo adapeza kuti idalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi kagulu kakang'ono ka ma polymorphisms olumikizidwa, komanso makamaka aleli ang'onoang'ono pa jini imodzi. Pamene zomera zonyamula allele zazing'onozo zidameramo kuyandikira pafupi, onse pamodzi amatulutsa 15% ya biomass yochulukirapo ikakula molimba kwambiri kuposa mbewu zonyamula zazikulu allele pamalo omwewo. Kugwirizanako kunatsagana ndi kuchepa kwa mpikisano wa mizu—zomera zoyandikana nazo ziyenera kuti zinawononga mphamvu zochepa kuloŵerera mizu ya anansi awo kaamba ka zakudya.
Njira yofananira yomweyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira ma alleles ogwirizana pamtundu uliwonse woyezeka, adatero Wuest. "Kusiyanasiyana kotereku, kukadziwika m'mbewu, kumatha kuthandizidwa mwachangu m'mapulogalamu amakono oweta ndikupereka njira zabwino zopezera zokolola."
Wuest anawonjezera kuti, “Maganizo amene anauzira ntchitoyi si atsopano, ambiri anapangidwa zaka zambiri zapitazo. Ndipo komabe, lingaliro lakuti ife anthu, limodzi la mitundu yogwirizana kwambiri, tingapindule mwa kupangitsa mbewu zathu kukhala zogwirizana kwambiri, likutichititsanso chidwi lerolino.”