M'malo momangokhalira kuyendayenda m'minda ya tirigu, balere ndi mbatata ndikuyembekeza kuti atha kudziwa bwino momwe thanzi la m'munda limawonekera, diso la drone limayang'ana maso a mbalame, ndikumupulumutsa nthawi komanso kupondaponda. Zithunzi zapamlengalenga zimathandizira kuzindikira kwa Nielson, katswiri wazachuma ku Walters Produce ku Newdale, Idaho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti scout yake ikhale yogwira mtima.
"M'chaka chonga ichi, zithunzi zimadzilipira zokha pakukula kwa mbewu komanso thanzi la mbewu," akutero.
Nielsen amadalira Mafilimu, nsanja ya zithunzi za satellite yomwe imaphatikiza malamulo a scouting ndi kusinthasintha kwa mitengo ya alimi, akatswiri azachuma ndi ogulitsa malonda. "Tili ndi ulimi wothirira wozungulira pafupifupi maekala aliwonse, koma tiyenera kukhala adindo abwino chifukwa kumpoto chakumadzulo kuli chilala chachikulu," akutero. "Tikuyesetsa kuti tisathirire kwambiri, koma sitingakwanitse kuthirira pang'ono. Tagwiritsa ntchito FarmShots kuyesa kupeza zosagwirizana ndi momwe timathirira."
Ndi ulimi wothirira wopindika wapakati, mphuno yomangika pang'ono kapena molakwika imawononga, koma zovutazi ndizovuta kuzizindikira pansi mbewu zisanawonongeke. Pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za satellite (pankhaniyi FarmShots), Nielson amayang'ana tsiku ndi tsiku momwe minda imayankhira ulimi wothirira ndi zowopsa zomwe zimatengedwa ndi ma abiotic stressors. Ngati chithunzicho chikuyamba kusonyeza kupanikizika muzozungulira, mwachitsanzo, amadziwa kuyang'anitsitsa njira yothirira kuti apeze gwero la kupsinjika maganizo.
Kuwongolera ndi Mawonedwe a Mbalame
Ma Drones ndi zithunzi za satelayiti zikuchulukirachulukira chifukwa alimi amayesetsa kukhala okhazikika komanso otsika mtengo. Chifukwa zida izi zimapereka mawonekedwe amunda wonse, zimathandizira kuwongolera zosankha zomwe ziyenera kupangidwa panthawi yokolola.
"Mukaganizira za kukula ndi kukula kwa minda yomwe tikuwona masiku ano komanso kuchuluka kwa momwe munthu m'modzi angachite, ma drones ndi zithunzi za satellite zimapangitsa kuti athe kusamalira mbewuyo ngakhale zili ndi malire," akutero a Rob Austin, katswiri waulimi wolondola pa yunivesite ya North Carolina State. "Atha kupitilira maekala ambiri."
Pamene minda ikuphatikizana, Austin akuyembekeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ma drones kapena ma satellites, ndipo mwina awiriwo mogwirizana, adzangowonjezeka. (Ngati mukudabwa ngati imodzi kapena ina ingakhale yabwino kwa famu yanu, onani kufananitsa mbali ndi mbali kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi.) Drones amafuna njira yodzipangira nokha kusiyana ndi zithunzi za satana. Drones amakhalanso ndi zoletsa zambiri komanso njira yophunzirira yokulirapo. Austin akuchenjeza omwe angagwire ntchito kuti atsimikize kuti amvetsetsa zofunikira za boma ndi Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) asanagwiritse ntchito ukadaulo wa drone.
Dziwani Zomwe Muyenera Kuyembekezera ndi Ma Satellite
Chifukwa zithunzi za satellite si chida chodzipangira nokha, ndikofunikira kuti ogwiritsa ntchito amvetsetse zomwe angasankhe. Kwa FarmShots makamaka, mitundu ingapo ya zithunzi ilipo.
"Masetilaiti amapereka chithunzi cha mlengalenga cha zomwe zikuchitika pansi," akutero woyang'anira malonda a FarmShots Gina Sanson. “Imodzi mwa zithunzi zopindulitsa kwambiri ndi NDVI [normalized difference vegetation index].” Imayesa thanzi la mbewu pozindikira kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa mbewu ndi kuchuluka kwa momwe ikuwunikira.
NDVI ndi ma algorithms ena omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzi amatanthauza kuti simungodalira maso kuti muzindikire kusiyana kwamitundu m'magawo, akufotokoza Nielson. Izi zimathandizira zisankho zolowa mosavuta, zosankha zokolola ndi zosankha zina za thanzi la mbewu zomwe zingakhudze phindu lanu nyengo iliyonse. "Mutha kuyang'ana chithunzi chokhala ndi ma algorithms ena ndikusefa phokoso lomwe limabwera chifukwa chokhala ndi dothi lopanda kanthu m'munda ngati nyengo yoyambirira," akutero Nielson. "Izi zimatipatsa lingaliro labwino la thanzi la mbewu."
Nielson adachita nawo ntchito yoyeserera mu 2021 yomwe idawunikira kufunika kwa zithunzi zowoneka bwino tsiku lililonse. Iye anati: “Chaka chino tikupeza chithunzithunzi tsiku lililonse. "Chifukwa chakuti FarmShots ikusintha zithunzi ndikubwerera kwa ife mwachangu, zakhala zothandiza kwambiri tikamapanga zisankho. Ndichifukwa chake tidagwiritsa ntchito FarmShots chaka chino: zidasintha mwachangu zithunzi."
FarmShots ikulonjeza kuti ipereka zithunzi za satellite m'mawonekedwe osavuta komanso osavuta kumva. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi mafoni-, desktop- komanso piritsi-wochezeka. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kulemba zolemba zawo, kupeza malo omwe ali ndi vuto ndi kutsatira GPS, ndi kulola akatswiri azachuma ndi othandizira kuti azitha kupeza mosavuta.
Monga zithunzi zopangidwa ndi ma drones ndi ma satelayiti, tsogolo laukadaulo uwu likuwonekera bwino, ndipo likukhala bwino. Kaya chifukwa cha kukula kwa famu, kulimba kwachuma kapena kufuna kukhala wokhazikika, kugwiritsa ntchito diso lakumwamba kungakuthandizeni kuyika ndalama m'manja mwanu.
| Zithunzi za Satellite | Ma Drone (Magalimoto A Mlengalenga Osayendetsedwa) | |
| Dera lozungulira | Global | Mwachindunji |
| Chigamulo | Mamita (kuyambira 1 mpaka 30) | Masentimita (1 mpaka 10) |
| Kusunga nthawi | Tsiku lililonse mpaka masabata | Instant |
| Malipilo | 1,000+ mapaundi | 0.5 mpaka 55 mapaundi (drone + payload maximum) |
| Zoletsa zamlengalenga | palibe | Inde, airspace yosalamulirika (Kalasi G) zosakwana 400 mapazi pamwamba pa nthaka |
| Kudalirika kwaukadaulo | Zatsimikiziridwa | Zatsopano, zikusintha mwachangu |
| Kulephera kwa chivundikiro chamtambo | Itha kubisa zithunzi | Zimagwira ntchito pansi pa mitambo |
| Chomasuka ntchito | Zambiri zimafuna zolembetsa | Maluso owonjezera, kulembetsa ndi nthawi yophunzirira zofunika kusonkhanitsa deta |
