Chile: INIA ikufuna mitundu yatsopano ya mbatata yomwe imagwirizana bwino ndi kusintha kwanyengo pogwiritsa ntchito ma drones ndi makamera otentha

Ntchitozi, zomwe zidzathandizire ku INIA Potato Genetic Improvement Program, zidzachitidwa ndi wofufuza wa INIA Remehue, Ana María Méndez.

Agricultural Research Institute (INIA) idzagwiritsa ntchito ma drones ndi makamera otentha, pakati pa matekinoloje ena omwe alipo, kuti athandize kusankha ndi kupanga mitundu yatsopano ya mbatata yokolola kwambiri yomwe imagwirizana bwino ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Izi zidanenedwa ndi wofufuza wa INIA Remehue, Ana María Méndez, yemwe posachedwapa adalandira pulojekiti ya Fondecyt Research Initiation 2022.

"Pulojekiti yomwe yapatsidwa yotchedwa: Precision phenotyping in potato genotypes pofuna kuzindikira makhalidwe okhudzana ndi kukolola kwa tuber, cholinga chake chachikulu ndicho kuzindikira ndi kuwerengera makhalidwe a morphophysiological omwe amakhudzana ndi zokolola za mbatata zomwe zimakhala zokolola zambiri pansi pa mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana. edaphoclimatic ndi kupezeka kwa madzi. Zachidziwikire, zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa zidzaperekedwa kwa alimi ndi mitundu yatsopano yomwe yatulutsidwa ndi INIA, ngati chidziwitso chofunikira pakupanga zisankho za kulima mbatata, "adatero katswiriyu.

Iye anafotokoza kuti "kafukufuku wa mbewu za phenology amatanthauza njira yonse ya chitukuko cha zomera, zomwe zimathandiza kumvetsetsa kusintha kwa mitundu kapena ma genotypes ku zochitika zosiyanasiyana za edaphoclimatic, kupsinjika kwa abiotic, monga kuchepa kwa madzi ndi kutentha, pakati pa ena".

Dr. Méndez anawonjezera kuti "nthawi ndi nthawi ya magawo osiyanasiyana a phenological zimadalira mtundu wa genotype ndi kukula kwake monga chilengedwe ndi kasamalidwe ka agronomic. Tikamalankhula za phenology sitingathe kusiya physiology, chifukwa chake tikalowa m'nthambi ziwirizi tili ndi phenotyping ya zomera ".

Ananenanso kuti "pa kulima mbatata, magawo akulu pakukula kwa mbewu amayamba ndikuyamba kumera kuchokera ku tuber yambewu, kenako kutuluka, kukulitsa kwa stolons, kuyamba kwa tuberization, maluwa ndi kukhwima kwa thupi. Mosiyana ndi mbewu zina, mu izi timachita chidwi ndi ma tubers omwe amakula mobisa, motero, kuphunzira kwake kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Komabe, tikhoza kugwirizanitsa chitukuko cha gawo lamlengalenga ndi zomwe zimachitika pansi pa nthaka. Kwa izi, kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi ndi chida chomwe chimalola kuphunzira za kukula kwa zomera pakapita nthawi.

Wofufuza wa INIA adanena kuti "teknolojiyi idzagwiritsidwa ntchito mu INIA Potato Genetic Improvement Program, kupereka chidziwitso cha thupi ndi maonekedwe a phenotypic, zomwe zingathandize kusankha mitundu yomwe ikugwirizana bwino ndi kusintha kwa kukula, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo".

• Kupitilira 70% ya madera onse omwe amabzalidwa mbatata ku Chile amakhala m'magawo a Bío Bío ndi Los Lagos. Ponena za zokolola, ndizokwera kwambiri kumwera kwa Chile, komwe malo ambiri obzala mbatata amakhala okhazikika.
• Dera la Lakes likutsogola ndi 33.2 ton/ha ya zokolola zapakati pa zigawo. M'madera onse (kupatulapo Metropolitana ndi O'higgins), zokolola zimakhala zambiri kuposa zomwe zidalembedwa mu nyengo yapitayi. Izi ndi zotsatira za kuchira kwa zokolola chifukwa cha nyengo yabwino yakukula kwa mbewu.
• Ndi matenda a parasitic omwe amakhudza tuber ndipo pano amangokhala kudera la La Araucania ndi matauni a Los Rios, monga San Jose de la Mariquina ndi Lanco. Popeza kachilomboka kamafalikira mosavuta, opanga akuwopa kuti ikafika kudera la Los Lagos. Izi zikukambidwa pa semina ku Institute of Agricultural Research, Inia Remehue, atero a Luis Miquel, manejala wamkulu wa Potato Consortium yaku Chile.
• Iye adati anthu akuda nkhawa ndi matendawa chifukwa ndi osiyana ndi matenda ena odziwika bwino monga golden nematode. Mosiyana ndi matenda ena, kufalikira kwa bacterial wilt kumaphatikizapo mitsinje ya madzi kotero ochita kafukufuku ayenera kuganizira ndi kuonjezera maphunziro awo pa izi, adatero.Iyi inali mbali ya zomwe zafufuzidwa pa semina "Mavuto a thanzi la mbeu ya mbatata: momwe mungayang'anire chiopsezo ndi chidziwitso. ”, yomwe inali ndi owonetsa ochokera ku Chile ndi ku United States; ndi umene unachitika milungu isanayambe kukolola.

nkhani/magawo