Voti yaku UK ya Brexit kuti achoke pa European Union yakhala ikulamulira mitu kuyambira kumapeto kwa Juni, koma zotsatira zake pamsika wa mbatata zidzakhala zotani?
Wolemba Cedric Porter wa Msika wa Mbatata Padziko Lonse
Pa Juni 23 2016 anthu aku Britain adapatsidwa chisankho "Kodi United Kingdom ikhalabe membala waku Europe kapena kuchoka ku European Union?" Mwa anthu 33.5 miliyoni omwe adavota 51.9% adasankha kuchoka ndi 48.1% akufuna kukhalabe. Zotsatira zake zidadabwitsa ambiri, ndipo zidzakhudza kwambiri UK ndi European Union ndipo zidzakhudza msika wa mbatata.
Pamodzi ndi Germany, UK ndiye msika waukulu kwambiri wa mbatata ku EU womwe umadya matani oposa 5.5 miliyoni a mbatata chaka chilichonse. Ndi zokolola za matani pafupifupi XNUMX miliyoni pachaka, UK sichitulutsa mbatata zokwanira kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zake kuitanitsa matani oposa awiri miliyoni a mbatata pachaka ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Zikuwoneka kuti UK ikhalabe ku EU mpaka nthawi yachilimwe 2019. Kufikira tsikuli sipadzakhala kusintha kulikonse pakati pa UK ndi EU kotero kuti malonda azitha kuyenda momasuka pakati pa dzikolo ndi mayiko ena 27 a EU ndi nzika za mayiko amenewo amatha kuyenda momasuka.
Zaka ziwiri zikubwerazi zidzakambidwa pokambirana za ubale wapakati pa UK ndi EU pambuyo pa Brexit ndikuyang'ana mbali ziwiri zazikulu - malonda ndi mayendedwe a anthu ndi ogwira ntchito.
KUKHULUPIRIRA KWAKUKULU KWA MBATATA
M'chaka cha Epulo UK idatumiza GBP266m (EUR332.5m) mbatata ndi zinthu zambiri za mbatata kuposa zomwe zidatumizidwa kunja ndi malonda mdziko muno zopitilira mauro biliyoni. Chosowa chachikulu ndichopanga malonda a batala wachisanu ndikuitanitsa ku UK
Zambiri za GBP320m (EUR400m) kuposa zomwe zimatumiza kunja ndi pafupifupi zonse zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku EU. Ngati palibe mgwirizano wamalonda womwe ungachitike, UK itha kukakamiza 14.4% yapadziko lonse lapansi kuti igwirizane padziko lonse lapansi, kukweza mtengo wogulitsa kunja. Zogulitsa kunja zayamba kale kukhala zodula kuyambira referendum chifukwa chakuchepa kwa mtengo wa paundi. Kusanthula kwa Msika wa Mbatata Padziko Lonse kukuwonetsa kuti mtengo wamitundumitundu yolowetsedwa mu mapaundi itha kukwera ndi 25% chaka chamawa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ndalama.
Izi zitha kuchepetsa zofunikira zakunja ndi 17%. Mtengo wa WTO pa mbatata ndi wotsika poyerekeza ndi zinthu zina pa 4.5%.
UK imagulitsanso mafulegi a mbatata ndi ufa kuposa momwe amagulitsira kunja, koma pali madera omwe amagulitsa kunja. Chofunika kwambiri ndi mbewu ya mbatata. M'chaka cha Epulo panali kutumizidwa kunja kwa GBP35 miliyoni (EUR43.75m) kuposa zomwe zimatumizidwa ku GBP44m (EUR55m). Pafupifupi 65% yakugulitsa mbewu ku UK kumisika yomwe siili ya EU ndi theka logulitsa ku Egypt.
Mtengo wolipirira mbewu za mbatata ndi 4.5% yokha kotero ngakhale pakadakhala kuti palibe mgwirizano wamalonda ndi EU pakadakhala zovuta zochepa pamalonda aku Britain aku EU. UK ilinso ndi zotsalira zochepa pazakudya za mbatata zopanda madzi kuphatikiza tchipisi, kapena monga aku Britain amatchulira, crisps. Zatsopano, kapena ware, mbatata zoperewera mu malonda aku UK sizogulitsa chimodzimodzi ndi zopangidwa. M'zaka zina kusiyana pakati pa zogulitsa kunja ndi zotumiza kunja ndizochepa. M'chaka cha Epulo 2016 zotumiza kunja zinali pa GBP77m (EUR96.25m) ndipo zotumiza kunja ku GBP57m (EUR71.25 m). Koma mchaka cha Epulo 2013 kutsatira kukolola konyowa kwambiri mu 2012 komwe kudabweretsa zokolola zochepa, UK idatumiza GBP121m mbatata zochulukirapo kuposa zomwe idatumiza kunja. Mwana wam'nyanja wam'nyanja wa 2016/17 pano akuyembekeza kuti UK itha kugulitsa kunja mbatata chifukwa cha zokolola zochepa komanso mbewu zochepa kudera lomwe likukula kwambiri la EU kumpoto kwa France, Belgium ndi Netherlands komanso mikhalidwe yabwino UK ndi mpikisano wa mapaundi aku Britain.